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<title>Latest Articles by winterj</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/</link>
<description>Articles at Populate.NET</description>
<language>en-us</language>
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<title>Winterize Your Wild Birds</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Environment/Nature/winterize-your-wild-birds.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Environment/Nature/winterize-your-wild-birds.html</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 31 Oct 2008 00:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ There's a touch of fall in the air. The days are shorter and the nights cooler. For those living in places where the leaves put on a spectacular show of color, it's a sure sign that winter isn't far away. Wild birds are beginning to prepare for the harsh weather by 'winterizing' their bodies.

Backyard birders need to get their feeding stations in order right away to help these beautiful feathered friends find plenty of food. Now is the time when wild birds begin storing body fat that is essential to their survival. As their natural food sources disappear for the winter or become buried in snow, they rely more and more on birders to keep fresh seed in their feeders.

As increased numbers of species gather in flocks for migration, you'll notice much more activity around your feeding stations. In addition to your resident birds such as chickadees, titmice, nuthatches and woodpeckers, you will have periodic visits from migrating birds. They are largely insect eaters that need to relocate before the frost sets in killing their staple food. Once they are settled in for the winter, they will rely on bird seed and suet as their substitute food. 

Juveniles will hang around with their parents one last time before they fly off to establish their own territories. Of course, they'll be filling their bellies to sustain them in the search for their new home, so birding activity will be on the increase for this reason also. 

Keep binoculars and a bird identification book or device close by to help identify any new species that stops for a fill-up at the feeder. It's one of the most exciting times to be a birder.

In addition to various types of bird seeds, wild birds need the fat and nutrients provided from suet. There are many feeders that not only hold bird seed but have an attached suet cage as well. Many bird stores also stock suet in pellet form. This is much less messy than suet cakes and the amount supplied for the birds each day is easier to control. And, don't forget to keep fruit such as oranges and apples topped with either suet or peanut butter for fruit eaters. 

Bluebirds and others that prefer mealworms don't have to wait until spring for their favorite food. Keep them happy all winter by using a mealworm warmer that keeps the worms alive, wiggling and tasty.

Bird feeders should be kept clean and repaired at all times, but particularly in the fall in preparation for the increasing number of birds using the feeders. There are products on the market that make cleaning feeders much easier - often as easy as dunking a feeder in a bucket of water containing the safe cleaning solution. Stale seed or dirty feeders can be a serious health hazard for wild birds.

What's a sure way to attract birds to your feeders? Provide a source of water, especially in winter! Accessible water in freezing weather will attract at least as many birds as a well stocked feeder. There are a variety of submersible heaters placed directly in the water that are economical and can be safely used in bird baths. Use a high-quality outdoor extension cord to plug the heater into an electrical source. Particularly in winter it's best to use a plastic rough-surfaced design since ceramic and concrete bird baths will easily crack in frigid weather.

Birds actually use water to stay warmer in winter. By cleaning their feathers and grooming them with natural oils, our feathered friends are able to help insulate their bodies from cold. About 70% of a bird's nonfat body tissue is water. That needs to be maintained to avoid dehydration. Birds find some water in natural food sources such as insects, berries and even snow, but when those supplies dwindle, the water supplied by bird baths is even more vital.

Just as the leaves change color in the fall, so does the plumage of some birds. The goldfinch, for example, undergoes a plumage change that drastically alters their appearance. The bright yellow starts to fade making it somewhat difficult to tell the male from the female. The purpose is to provide protection from predators when the trees are bare. 

Each season brings with it a wonderful new experience as nature continues the same path it has followed for thousands of years. Backyard birders are privileged to witness one such experience when the wild birds begin their winterizing ritual. ]]></description>
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<title>5 Unique Dog Beds - Which One Is Right?</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Pets_and_Animals/5-unique-dog-beds-which-one-is-right.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Pets_and_Animals/5-unique-dog-beds-which-one-is-right.html</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 25 Sep 2008 00:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ Dog lovers are suckers for allowing their precious pets to sleep in the bed with them. They will adjust their sleeping position during the night so their pooch can curl up or stretch out in their favorite position. Wouldn't everyone get a better night's sleep if Fido had his own perfect dog bed? 

Observing how your dog sleeps will give you important clues to make the right decision when choosing a bed. Since dogs are creatures of habit and prefer to sleep in the same spot, this makes it even more important to choose the right bed to accommodate your dog's sleeping habits.

5 Dog Bed Options Based on Shape and Style:

1. Donut shaped bed. This is the perfect choice if your dog likes to curl up into a ball or lean against something soft. It's a cozy bed that is a comfort for dogs that like to be warm and feel protected. Determine the size based on whether your dog likes a cozy fit or wants a bit more room to stretch out.

2. Round pillow style beds. For dogs who like to sprawl out or circle around to make a soft nest, this is the style to choose. Round beds allow plenty of space for any sleeping style and the soft fill inside the cover provides soft, yet supportive comfort.

3. Rectangular dog bed. This bed will accommodate dogs that like to lie on their stomach! The shape is a great space saver and works well under tables or desks, so your dog can be close by whether at home or work. This style works well in crates and makes a great travel bed.

4. Orthopedic beds. If your dog is older or has arthritis or other joint problems, this is the bed to choose. Some beds are heated, which provides additional comfort for older dogs in the winter.

5. Outdoor beds and crate mattresses. Dogs that spend time outside or in a kennel probably deserve a comfortable bed even more than an indoor dog. There are heated beds, cooling beds and waterproof beds to consider. Check out the washing instructions, since these beds will need to be washed more often.

Selecting the right dog bed cover:

Anyone who has ever had a dog knows how messy they can be, so it's important that your dog bed is up to the challenge. Of course, you want to keep your maintenance to a minimum, so choose 100% machine-washable fabric covers that can be removed from the mattress when it's laundry time. The best beds come with a zip-off cover. In addition to the styles mentioned earlier, many of the new sofa-type dog beds can be purchased with a washable slip cover. They are definitely worth the extra money.

Choosing the size:

Dog beds must be big enough and strong enough to match your dog's breed, but not so big that you waste money on unused bed space. Carefully measuring your dog will assure the proper fit.

There's no hard and fast rule for size selection, but the following information offers a good guideline. Measure your dog standing up from tip of nose to base of tail and also from floor to shoulders or head. If you will be buying a mattress dog bed, add 12 inches. This will give you an approximate width and length for a flat dog bed. 

Measure your dog's length another time in his favorite sleeping position when he is fully stretched out, or his diameter when curled into a ball. For nest and ball-type beds measure the length of your dog while he is curled up. Measure from the top of his head to the point where his tail meets his hindquarters, and then add 7 to 9 inches. 

The right size dog bed will be a close match or just slightly larger than your measurements. Beds that are too small may not be comfortable for your dog. It's important to allow room for growth, if your dog is still growing, or you'll be wasting money and replacing beds often.  Be sure to allow room for movement regardless of whether your dog is still growing or if he's already at maximum size.

Fabrics:

Does your dog enjoy sleeping in a sunny spot in the morning and by the bed in the evening? If so, select a bed that can be easily moved about the house and fits the decor in several rooms. To save money, buy a bed that matches the room where your dog spends the most time sleeping, usually where ever the family spends the most time. 

Dog beds these days come in many designer colors and fabrics. There is something for every dog and dog owner that not only offers a soft or durable fabric but blends with the home decor.

To paraphrase a familiar saying - when Fido's happy, everybody is happy. Your dog's health and comfort depends upon his getting a good night's sleep. Keep in mind that small dogs or dogs with arthritis may find it difficult to climb into a platform or furniture type bed. Make an informed decision when you purchase a dog bed and your dog will benefit for years to come.

Sweet dreams to all! ]]></description>
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<title>Four Simple Tips for a Successful Butterfly Garden</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Environment/Nature/four-simple-tips-for-a-successful-butterfly-garden.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Environment/Nature/four-simple-tips-for-a-successful-butterfly-garden.html</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 22 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ When going for a morning walk, there are many beautiful butterflies in the air and sunning on plants or flowers. Of course, the expectation is that these beautiful creatures will be in your yard, too. Arriving home to a butterfly-free yard can be really disappointing. What can you do to make your backyard a haven for butterflies?

First - Without a doubt, you have to stop using chemical pesticides, fertilizers and herbicides. These are deadly considering that butterflies begin their life as a caterpillar attached to a plant within a cocoon.

Second - once you've eliminated this threat, the next important step is to provide 'host plants' to support the metamorphosis process. There are specific plants that will attract specific butterflies.

The Black Swallowtail prefers carrots, dill, fennel and parsley where the Great Spangled Fritillary loves violets. The beautiful Monarchs are attracted to milkweed, but the Pearly Crescentspot goes for asters. To attract Pipevine Swallowtails try planting pipevine, of course. Several varieties are Calico Pipe, Dutchman's Pipe, Rooster Flower and Virginia Snakeroot.

Red-Spotted Purple butterflies are attracted to wild cherry and willow trees. The Spicebush Swallowtail prefers sassafras and spicebush. For the beautiful Viceroy plant cherry, plum, poplar and willow trees.

Third - Once the metamorphosis of a caterpillar into an adult butterfly is completed, they will begin to seek nectar sources. Incorporate into your garden nectar plants that bloom from the start of the season to late summer and fall. Select native nectar plants such as wild columbine; lance leaf coreoposis; rose verbena; swamp and whorled milkweed; New England aster; button bush; butterfly weed; orange, purple Missouri and sweet coneflowers; blue lobelia; cardinal flower; prairie blazing star and Joe Pye weed. 

Butterflies will also be attracted to slices of banana, which attract fruit flies. They consume the fruit flies for protein and minerals. Put out a slice of watermelon or overly ripe fruit, and you'll be amazed at all the butterflies that stop by for a light lunch. There are also a variety of butterfly feeders that hold prepared nectar or fruit.

Fourth - Remember to provide butterflies a place to warm in the sun. One idea is to build a waterless pond. Arrange heat-absorbing rocks on their side in a sunny area. Add sand and salts and keep the rocks moist. Be sure to line the area with plastic to keep salts from leaking into the soil.

Many people enjoy having an attractive butterfly house in their garden. While there is no proof that butterflies use these, it does add a colorful accent.
These colorful houses also make wonderful decorative additions to a porch or sunroom.

The six most common butterfly families you can attract are:

Swallowtails (Papilionidae) - The most noticeable thing about swallowtails is a club-like projection extending from the hind wing. The most common swallowtails include: Easter Tiger, Giant, Spicebush, Eastern Black and Zebra.

Milkweed Butterfly (Daneidae) - These medium to large size butterflies are all power flyers, and all eat various types of milkweed. The most common is the Monarch. The Monarch imitators include: Viceroy, Fritillaries, Mourning Cloaks and Admirals.

Gossamer Wings (Lycaenidae) - Over 100 species of these small butterflies reside in North America. They include the Blues, Coppers and Hairstreaks. The gossamers hold their wings closed over their backs when at rest.

Sulphurs (Pieridae) - The Sulphurs are hard to miss because of their brilliant yellows.

Whites (Pieridae) - Whites are often the first butterflies to be noticed in the spring. Many people assume they are moths due to their lack of color. Male "Whites" and "Sulphurs" are prone to "puddling", which is gathering in groups near moisture and/or salts.

True Skippers (Hesperiidae) - They are small butterflies that are not particularly attractive, and contain antennae with a telltale fishhook-like curve to the end section.  Their flight resembles a stone skipping across the surface of a lake.

Use the tips provided to attract these most beautiful of nature's creatures so they will become permanent visitors to your garden.

There is nothing more relaxing than sitting in a chair or swing on your patio, deck or porch and watching butterflies make a graceful trip around your yard.

Even in today's hectic times, all seems right with the world as a butterfly pauses to sip some nectar or relax on a warm rock. ]]></description>
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<title>Five Ideas for a Perfect Baby Gift</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Family/five-ideas-for-a-perfect-baby-gift.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Family/five-ideas-for-a-perfect-baby-gift.html</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 01 Aug 2008 00:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ Whether someone you know is having a first baby or adding another to the family, there are certain gifts that are more appreciated than just another bib. Of course, babies do go through bibs at a record pace, so think about including one as part of your gift.

1. Keepsake gifts, especially ones that are personalized, are always an excellent choice. The variety is only as limited as your imagination. There are keepsake boxes that preserve things like the first lock of hair or those amazing sonogram photos. Maybe you prefer to send a personalized blanket or a monogrammed outfit. New parents always love something that has baby's name on it or an item that will become a special treasure forever.

2. Gift baskets make great gifts for a variety of reasons. You can select one has a blue theme for a baby boy, pink for a baby girl or neutral colors if the gender is unknown and the gift is for a baby shower. The baskets can hold anything from receiving blankets and hooded towels to practical items like onesies, booties, teething rings and a soft cuddly toy to keep baby happy. For corporate gifts, neighborhood gifts or any combination of people who want to go in together, gift baskets allow you to select something that pleases everyone. Since the baskets come in all price ranges and contain a variety of items, there is always one that is perfect.

3. Diaper cakes! No, they're not something to eat. Most diaper cakes begin with a layer of disposable diapers that form the base of the 'cake'. From there the designer creates two, three or more layers of useful items for the new parents. Typically there will be washcloths and towels, bibs, booties, teething toys, plush toys, pacifiers, a feeding bottle and more. Many are created around a theme, such as a cartoon character, and they make a wonderful centerpiece for a baby shower. It's a great way to decorate and have a gift with only one purchase. There are always selections for twins or triplets, too.

4. Baby rockers are a more practical gift than just a baby carrier. They have all of the same amenities such as colorful fabric, stimulating toys and a hood to keep baby protected from too much room light or sun light. The plus is that parents can gently rock the baby with varying degrees of movement - or it can be stopped completely. When baby is happy, Mom and Dad are happy. It's relaxation therapy for everyone.

5. Rocking horses and child-sized rocking chairs are gifts to consider when the baby has older brothers or sisters. No doubt the parents will still have many of the items needed for a newborn, such as clothes, blankets, baby bottles, baby furniture, car seats, etc. Instead of duplicating things that aren't needed, consider a gift that baby can grow into. If baby's name is painted or embroidered on the horse or chair that makes it just that much more special. Give the older brother or sister a chance to briefly enjoy the gift with the understanding that it's to be put away for when baby is old enough to use it. Depending on the age of the older children, you may find that you have to purchase one of these special gifts for them, too!

Don't forget baby's siblings. Many parents find that siblings begin to exhibit negative behavior when their new brother or sister comes home from the hospital. Typically, this is a jealous reaction, since they are no longer the one getting the attention. One terrific idea is to have grandparents, aunts and uncles and other close friends bring a gift to the sibling(s) when they bring a gift for the newborn. Another idea - If the gift comes with a card attached from the newborn saying something like, "I'm so happy to have you for my big brother/sister", this will start the bonding process right away. Everyone needs to feel special at times, and don't we all react in a positive way when that happens?

Newborns love to be the center of attention, but their memory doesn't kick in until they're approaching two years of age. Make sure the gift you select is one that will be helpful for the parents but will also include something of keepsake value that the new baby will cherish as they grow older. ]]></description>
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<item>
<title>Water Is A Bird Magnet</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Environment/Nature/water-is-a-bird-magnet.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Environment/Nature/water-is-a-bird-magnet.html</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 30 Jun 2008 00:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ Here in the southeastern U.S, we're all feeling the effects of the drought, but we can spare a little bit to make our birds happy.  Here are some ideas for attracting birds without running up the water bill.

There is no better way to get birds flocking to your yard than a good source of fresh water.  A bird's need for water through every season of the year is so strong that even species you never expected will be attracted to a strategically placed water source.

Having a birdbath is an advantage to anyone who enjoys observing nature in general and bird behavior in particular.

Location, Location, Location. The most natural spot for a bath is close to the ground, but water at higher levels not only appeals to some species, it reduces the bird's exposure to cat attacks.  Soaking wet birds are no match for feline agility.  Putting a birdbath near trees improves security against raptors.  Plus, branches are an easily reached perch from which to preen in safety.

Locate your bath in a shady part of your yard.  This will keep the water at a cooler, more refreshing temperature in hot weather.

To get birds accustomed to the bath, try placing a feeder within five feet of the bath.  Birds will notice the water as they go to the feeder.

Birdbath water should be changed every few days to insure a fresh, clear supply.  Birds - excluding pelicans - do not like deep water.  One inch to 1.25 inches deep is about the maximum.  This depth allows the bird to stand in the water and splash around - and not tread water!

Add motion.  Motion on the water's surface or the noise of falling water is like a magnet to the birds.  Drippers, misters, and small pump-driven fountains that keep the water moving have the added benefit of preventing mosquito eggs from hatching.  Hummingbirds love to zip through the mist created by a mister.  Besides hummers zipping through the mist you can attract warblers (who don't normally visit feeders) and many other birds to stop by for a refreshing "leaf bath."  Watch how they use the wet leaves as a "wash cloth."

How do birds drink?  Most birds, like Cardinals, dip their bills and then tip their heads back to let the water run down their throats.  Doves and Pigeons drink by immersing their bills and sucking up the water.  Not all birds need to drink water.  Hummingbirds, for example, have a largely liquid diet anyway, so they don't drink from birdbaths.  But they do enjoy "playing" in the water.  Birds that normally inhabit areas with arid conditions can go for long periods of time without drinking.

Water in Winter.  Birds need water all year round, particularly in winter, when many of their regular sources are frozen.  About 70% of a bird's non-fat body tissue is water that needs to be maintained to avoid dehydration.  Birds find some water in natural food sources: insects, berries, and even snow, but when those supplies dwindle, the water YOU supply is even more vital.  

Open water in freezing weather will attract as many or more birds as a well-stocked feeder.  Birds also use water to keep themselves warmer in winter.  By cleaning their feathers and grooming them with natural oils, birds are able to help insulate their bodies for the cold.

You can keep water thawed with a submersible heater placed directly in the water.  It's economical and safe, as long as you use a high-quality, outdoor extension cord to plug the heater into an electrical source.  The best submersible heaters are thermostatically controlled, so they only operate when the water is near freezing.

In winter, use a rough-surfaced, plastic pan or saucer for a birdbath because ceramic and concrete one, though fine for summer use, will crack easily in frigid weather.

Keeping a birdbath supplied with fresh water is one of the simplest and most effective way of attracting many varieties of birds to your yard - year round! ]]></description>
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<title>Emergency - Your Dog Is Overheated!</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Pets_and_Animals/emergency-your-dog-is-overheated.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Pets_and_Animals/emergency-your-dog-is-overheated.html</guid>
<pubDate>Sun, 22 Jun 2008 00:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ Summertime is a great time to be doing things outdoors with your pet.  But it is vitally important to keep you pet's health in mind when enjoying or traveling in the summer.  Since dogs and cats don't sweat, they can't cool themselves as efficiently as humans.  Therefore, temperatures and activities that don't bother healthy humans can lead to spiraling temperatures in your pet that can result in heat exhaustion, followed by heatstroke, and ultimately, death. 

The first signs of heat exhaustion are difficulty breathing or heavy panting followed by huffing and puffing or gasping for air. Your dog may begin to walk in strange patterns which may be the result of dizziness. At 105 degrees, heatstroke will set in.  At this point, the canine may collapse and be unable to get up and may even appear unconscious. Disorientation will set in, the gums will turn to a muddy pink and the ears will appear flushed. At 108 to 110 degrees, the internal organs become affected and cell damage will begin to occur. 

The conscientious pet owner needs to be watching their dog constantly when there is the slightest chance of heat injury.  Signs of heat prostration are many and varied, and not all may occur simultaneously. Initial signs include rapid breathing or panting, rapid heart and pulse rates, weak pulse, pale or red gums, dry gums, excess salivation, decreased alertness, coma, seizures, weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, and bleeding.  Heatstroke can lead to organ damage of the brain, heart, liver, and kidneys.

Therefore it is essential to take action quickly to reduce your dog's temperature, because death can result in as little as 20 minutes. 

1.  First, move your pet to a cooler environment, if possible.

2.  Cool your dog with cool, but not cold water.  If you dog has thick fur, continue to apply cool water so that water trapped close to the skin is not warmed by the dog's body.

3.  If possible, use fans to blow on the dog.

4.  Place ice packs in the groin area, armpits and neck.

5.  Get your dog to a veterinarian immediately.

6.  Give sips of cool water if the dog will take it.

Fortunately, preventing heatstroke in dogs is easy.  Most heat-related injuries to dogs occur when they are locked in cars.  Even on days that may not seem hot to us, temperatures in cars can soar.  Cracking the windows does not help.  So, DO NOT lock your dog in your car - ever.  Here are some other ideas.

1.  Do not ever lock your dog in your car.  If you have to run errands, leave the dog at home. It bears repeating.

2.  If your dog is an outdoor dog, make sure there is shade available all day and that there is plenty of cool water.

3.  Dogs should be properly groomed so that their hair doesn't get too long. Dogs with long hair are more susceptible to heat stroke and other hot weather problems. 

4.  Exercise your dog less vigorously, preferably in the early morning.

5.  Hot pavement is painful to human feet and dog paws alike, and can result in painful injuries to your dog.   Avoid letting your dog walk on hot asphalt, sidewalks, and hot truck beds.

6.  Be particularly careful with older dogs, dogs with short noses, such as pugs and bulldogs, overweight animals, and dogs with heavy fur.

7.  If you're out with your dog in warm weather, carry cool water for both of you and offer it about every 20 minutes.  Rest in the shade often.

8.  If you clip your dog's fur short in the summertime, avoid situations that could cause sunburn. Dogs are particularly susceptible to sunburn of the skin, ears, and nose.

And if heat wasn't enough, here are some other summertime hazards to avoid.

Read labels on insecticides and other garden products to ascertain their effect on pets.  Dogs and cats may become ill from first walking on the treated area then licking their paws.

Many garden and houseplants may cause irritation, illness or death if ingested by pets. Some of the more toxic include tulip, daffodil, and iris bulbs, azaleas, amaryllis, dieffenbachia and philodendron. Train your pets so that houseplants and specific areas of the garden are off limits.

Many dog owners - and some cat owners - like to give their pets short haircuts during the hot months. This doesn't necessarily ensure a cooler body temperature and could cause your pet to become sunburned. Keeping your dog and cat well groomed is important, but a very short clip isn't a good idea.

Regular grooming is important in helping to control tick infestations. If dogs or cats have been in fields or wooded areas, check ears, bellies, armpits and base of the tail carefully. 

Dogs are susceptible to snake bites mostly from May to September. Identify the snake if possible. Restrict movement of the pet. Loosely immobilize the limb in a functional position if bitten on an extremity. DO NOT incise the bite wound to remove the venom and DO NOT apply a tourniquet without veterinary assistance. DO NOT apply ice to the area. Seek veterinary attention.

Summer is a great time to be outdoors with your pet.  These simple, common sense ideas will help ensure you and your dog have a great summer. ]]></description>
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<title>Seven Ways to Endanger Your Dog While Hiking</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Pets_and_Animals/seven-ways-to-endanger-your-dog-while-hiking.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Pets_and_Animals/seven-ways-to-endanger-your-dog-while-hiking.html</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 11 Apr 2008 00:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ Hiking or camping with your dog can be a fun experience for both of you - unless your faithful friend disappears or is injured. Use common sense to plan ahead and avoid a calamity. 

The following seven tips will insure that you both arrive back home safely and eager to go again.

1. Always have your dog in sight and on a leash - which is required in many public areas. It's tempting to let them run free, but that's when trouble can come knocking. Even if your voice commands seem to be 'sealed in concrete' when walking in your neighborhood or at the local dog park, distractions in unfamiliar areas may cause the best-trained dog to stray. One option is to use a retractable leash, which gives your dog a feeling of more freedom. Taking along a favorite toy can help to focus your dog's attention near you, particularly if a potentially harmful situation arises.

2. Check for information that lists the types of wild animals and plants that you may encounter on your hike and keep your eyes open for them. Wildlife such as snakes, bears, skunks, porcupines, mountain lions and coyotes can cause serious injury to your dog if there is an encounter. Even other dogs in the vicinity - particularly those not on a leash - can start a fight. Plants such as poison ivy, cactus or other thorny plants and nettles can cause injury or serious irritation to your dog's skin.

3. Carry a small first-aid kit with items recommended by your veterinarian to take care of cuts and scratches or other medical emergencies. To protect both of you, be sure you have a cell phone that is fully charged and operational in the area where you'll be hiking or camping.

4. Dogs are as susceptible to mosquito bites and sunburn as you are. Be sure to take along a mosquito repellent and sunscreen recommended by your vet. It's a good idea to make sure your dog is up date with flea and tick treatments, vaccinations and heartworm prevention medication, too.

5. Take plenty of water for both you and your dog. Since dogs don't have sweat glands, they are susceptible to heatstroke in very warm weather. Take plenty of rest breaks and avoid letting your dog drink from water sources that could harbor harmful parasites or toxins. Water from home that your dog's body is accustomed to is always best.

6.  During hunting seasons it's important to take extra precautions for both you and your dog. Wear bright or reflective clothing and consider a reflective vest for your dog. Unfortunately, dogs can be mistaken for other animals, so make provisions to insure that you both stand out in the environment.

7. The most important tip has been saved for last. Your dog should wear a collar I.D. tag that is attached with a small, strong key ring, since the S-hook type attachments often fail. The tag should include your name, city and state of residence, phone number, dog's name and your vet's phone number. Also add your cell phone number so you can be reached quickly if your dog does disappear and is found by another hiker. If you are camping, locate an "instant" pet name tag machine before you leave. Make a temporary tag in addition to their regular tag. Include the dog's name, the park and campsite where you'll be staying and the dates you plan to be there. 

A bonus tip - be sure you and your dog are both in good physical condition with sufficient endurance to easily complete the trek you're planning.

If you want your dog to carry his own pack, which is very popular these days, be sure not to load it down with more than one-third of your pooch's body weight. Twenty to thirty percent is a good rule of thumb to avoid tiring out your excited hiker too quickly. Allow your dog to get used to carrying the pack ahead of time by taking short walks around the block or even around the house. Save yourself the exhaustion of carrying your pooped pooch back to the car.

There are many pet safety products for car travel and pet life jackets, if you'll be near a lake or on a boat.

If you plan a picnic as a special part of your day, there are collapsible food and water bowls for dogs as well as shade and mosquito protective light-weight tents. A nap may be just the thing for both of you after a tummy-filling lunch combined with sunshine and warm breezes before you head for home. ]]></description>
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<title>Protect Your Child From Mr. Germ</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Family/Parenting/infants-and-toddlers/protect-your-child-from-mr.-germ.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Family/Parenting/infants-and-toddlers/protect-your-child-from-mr.-germ.html</guid>
<pubDate>Sun, 16 Dec 2007 00:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ Meet Mr. Germ - a crafty invader targeting everyone from infants to adults.  His goal is to make us sick!  The cold and flu season is his favorite time of the year, and everyone is a target.  Once he finds a 'victim', he can spread his germs from one person to another in a fairly rapid chain reaction.

First, let's dispense with the notion that cold or wet weather will make you sick.  It won't.  But germs will. Knowledge is a powerful tool against the germ menace and knowing the definition of a germ is a good place to start.   

There are four major types of germs: bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. For people in most countries including the U.S., our main concern is bacteria and viruses.  Bacteria causes infections such as sore throats, ear infections, pneumonia and even cavities.
 
Viruses are the germs that cause chickenpox, measles, flu, and other diseases. They can live for a while on things like doorknobs, a computer mouse or any other surface.
  
Bottom line - germs are found everywhere in all kinds of places.

For adults, particularly those with infants, toddlers or children in school, wellness begins with common sense.  Since most germs spread through the air from sneezing, coughing or even just breathing, it's important to cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze and your mouth when coughing.  If you use a tissue, be sure to dispose of it immediately and wash your hands.

Of course, germs also spread through sweat, saliva and blood.  Just a simple handshake followed by touching your nose can cause germs to spread.  Since Mr. Germ's worst fear is soap and water, washing your hands often can help to keep Mr. Germ on the run.

Have you ever stopped to think about the number of germs that are transmitted by shopping carts?  How many hands - both adult and children - have grabbed the handle of the cart you select? If you have an infant or toddler in the seat, think of the germs that could be transmitted by another child's drooling or even something as gross as a leaky diaper!

Many stores now provide antiseptic wipes by the entrance so you can disinfect the handle and seat.  Use them! As the saying goes "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." 

But is this enough for a child who hasn't built an immune system that's sufficient to fight off the many viruses that run rampant these days? There is something else you can do to foil Mr. Germ.

A great creation, known as a shopping cart cover, was designed by a grandmother to help protect her grandchildren from illness. The cover typically does extra duty as a diaper bag and purse, plus a toy and bottle holder.  It quickly and easily rolls up to the size of a small duffle-type bag.  You can hold your child with one hand, unroll the cart cover with the other, and be ready to in about 30 seconds.  Best of all, they're colorful and attractive so your child goes shopping in style.

The design of the cover protects not only anything in reach of busy hands but bare legs as well.  No part of your child will come in contact with an area touched by another child.

One other area of concern is restaurant highchairs.  How many times have you found the tray to be sticky or otherwise unclean and the seat contains food from the previous user.  This makes Mr. Germ very happy.  You can foil his plan because the same cover used for the shopping cart doubles as a highchair cover.  There are also covers made specifically for high chairs that typically come with placemats for the tray.

The best way to protect your family from germs is to steer clear of the things that can spread them and cause that inevitable chain reaction.  The first step is to use common sense to protect against Mr. Germ.  Then, focus on any products that can prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses. If  just one of these suggestions works and saves a trip to the doctor, you're ahead of the game. ]]></description>
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<title>Help!  I Don't Know Why My Baby Is Crying</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Family/Parenting/infants-and-toddlers/help-i-don-t-know-why-my-baby-is-crying.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Family/Parenting/infants-and-toddlers/help-i-don-t-know-why-my-baby-is-crying.html</guid>
<pubDate>Sun, 16 Dec 2007 00:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ From the moment of birth, a baby's first cry is the first 'word' you hear.  But what is your baby trying to tell you? Probably it's something like "what just happened, how did I get here and where is my warm, cozy home?"

When your baby cries again, does it sound the same?  As you listen to the crying, you should begin to distinguish a difference. This is a baby's only form of communication, other than facial expressions or other body language.  But, this still doesn't solve the problem of knowing what your baby wants or needs.

Particularly if this is your first baby, you will soon learn that much of parenting is based on trial and error.  As the weeks progress, you will begin to develop a mental list of the most common reasons for crying. Work through the list to determine the most likely immediate need and respond accordingly to soothe your baby.

Okay, this sounds like a place to start, but what are the most common reasons babies cry?

The first thing that probably comes to mind is that the little one is hungry.  You'll learn to distinguish these fussy noises, and if you're breast feeding, the movements in search of 'food' when you pick up your baby. If you catch the 'words' quickly enough, you can usually prevent full-blown crying.  Food may not stop the fussing or crying immediately, but as long as your baby is eating let them continue. There's nothing like a full tummy to take their mind off crying.

Naturally, the next thing that comes to mind is that the baby's diaper needs to be changed.  Wouldn't we all be fussy if we were wet and had irritating diaper rash?  Oddly, though, some babies put up with a soiled diaper because it's warm and comfortable.  That's hard to believe, but for some babies it's true.  To be on the safe side, check the diaper often and change it when needed.  By anticipating a need you may well prevent a crying episode.

When you visit a newborn in the hospital nursery, you'll notice that they're tightly wrapped in a blanket.  This is a comfort factor, since they like to feel warm and cuddled.  If it's time for a diaper change or bath, a baby may cry when they're undressed and exposed to the cold air. They're not happy! This is one of the easier items on the crying list to figure out. But how do you stop the crying?  Work as quickly as possible to change the diaper or immerse them in the warm bath.  Keep their upper body covered by a blanket during diaper changes and have a soft, hooded towel to wrap them in when the bath is finished. One word of caution - babies can also be fussy if they're too hot, so don't overdress them or have their room too warm.  They typically need an extra layer beyond what we would wear, but keep the layering from being too heavy.

Sometimes your baby is simply crying because they want to be held and cuddled.  As newborns, the sound of a parent's heartbeat and voice is calming. As they progress they love to look at their parents' faces and can even detect their unique smell - particularly their mom's milk.  They may initially want to be fed, burped or have their diaper changed, but then it's time to be held and maybe rocked.  Some babies like to be held more than others, so this is part of the trial and error process.  

Another idea is to try and mimic the time they were in the womb.  They were tuned in to the mother's heartbeat, movement and sounds as they developed.  Studies have shown that playing soft music - particularly Mozart, singing a lullaby or having the steady rhythm of 'white noise' like a vacuum cleaner can stop a baby's tears. What about putting your baby on the dryer while you're doing the laundry (but don't leave them for a minute) or go for a ride in the car to simulate soothing, somewhat familiar motion?  
  
Often when grandparents and other family and friends visit, the baby is passed around so much that they can actually become sore from being handled in so many ways.  Try to limit this as much as possible and you won't have a crying baby later that day - or even the next - because they hurt.  It is okay to pick up a baby and give them attention without spoiling them.  Just let them be the guide in terms of how much is enough. While they thrive on attention, the over stimulation of noise and activity can just be too much.  If they start to cry and you're not able to stop it, take them to another room and try to calm them down.  It's okay to let them cry for a bit to 'vent', but then do what works to get them to sleep for awhile. 

What if your baby has been fed, burped, had their diaper changed and they're warm and comfy but still crying?  Check to see if a clothing tag is irritating their neck. If you've tried everything and still your baby won't stop crying, what is wrong?  Maybe it's colic.  The episodes can range from short periods of hard crying to inconsolable crying for at least three hours a day for at least three days per week. 

One thing that can help is to rub your baby's tummy or back, which is very soothing when they have gas pains.  Also, sucking on a pacifier can calm the stomach and quiet the heart rate, which relieves the tension caused by the pain.  Contact your pediatrician for additional advice.

Most parents will immediately suspect that their baby may be ill if they can't stop their crying. The first thing to do is check their temperature.  If it's normal, listen carefully to their crying.  A sick baby's cry will be different. If you've tried everything and things just don't seem right, it's time to call or visit your pediatrician.

The stress from a crying baby takes its toll on the parents.  You have to look after yourself in order to be able to take care of your baby.  It's okay to put them in their cradle or crib, close the door and let them cry for a short while. Put on some music that is soothing to you, call a friend for advice or call for back up.  Family, friends and neighbors can be a great resource to help you maintain your calm.  They may even have a valuable tip they can offer based on their experience as a parent.  You don't have to go it alone!

Hang in there.  It may feel like an eternity, but after 8 to 12 weeks most babies will outgrow their crying phase as they start to become curious about the world around them.  Patience, loving care and self care are the best remedies for a crying baby. ]]></description>
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<title>Is Your Web Site Driving Away Visitors?</title>
<link>http://www.populate.net/Internet/Web_Design/is-your-web-site-driving-away-visitors.html</link>
<guid>http://www.populate.net/Internet/Web_Design/is-your-web-site-driving-away-visitors.html</guid>
<pubDate>Sun, 16 Dec 2007 00:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[ Much has been written about optimizing your web site for search engines, but less emphasis is placed on usability.  Optimizing for usability and for search engines is not a contradiction.

What is usability?  Basically stated, can the visitor to your site find what they're looking for quickly and easily?  If your site is not usable, visitors will go elsewhere.  Here is a list of some of the most important usability factors.

1. Does the site load quickly?  Inefficient code and large or too many images will slow down page loading.  Remember, if your page hasn't loaded in about eight seconds, the visitor is likely to go elsewhere.

2. Are the pages attractive, appropriate, and is the information presented in a consistent, simple, and concise form?  What is attractive and appropriate for a rock band won't work for an accounting firm.  Use colors and style to project the image of your business that you want visitors to see.  

3.  Can the site be easily navigated?  The location and presentation of the navigation buttons should be consistent on each page and the visitor should be able to go from any page to any other page on the site.   Ideally, a visitor should be able to get to any page with one or two clicks, and not have to "drill down" numerous levels unless absolutely necessary.  Fewer navigation clicks are better.

4. Text size.  All web browsers allow the visitor to resize the text on a web page.  This is done to accommodate visitors who have less than "jet pilot" eyesight.  Yet remarkably, many web designers will "lock" the text to a specific size to keep larger letters from "breaking" the page layout.  While it's a little more work, a web page can be built to allow the visitor to set their own text size preferences while preserving the integrity of the page layout.  

5. Text color.  For whatever reason, we're seeing an increasing number of sites in which there simply is not enough contrast between the text and the background.  Maybe the designer thinks it looks cool, but it's hard to read.  We also see sites in which the "mouse-over" state of a navigation button disappears into the background.  Choose your colors carefully, and from a readability perspective.  It's hard to beat black text on white.

6. A web page is not print media.  Studies have shown that people read web pages differently from printed material.  People tend to scan a web page looking for major points.  They are not likely to read long paragraphs on the web.  (The exception to this is informational articles you may have on your site.  But you've used concise text to get your visitor interested to get them to the article.)  

So keep your page text short, use outlines, short paragraphs, and sparingly emphasize major points with bold text.  (Avoid underlining major points because users may confuse the underlines with links.)

7.  Just as a written paragraph should have one basic topic, so should each page in your site.  There's a tendency to cram everything onto the home page.  Assume you have a site on which you sell a weight-loss medication.  After the holidays, many of us need that.  Anyway, use your home page to grab your visitor's attention and show them how you can solve their problem.  Although you love your family and dog, and you spent years developing your secret formula, put all that wonderful information on some other pages.

8.  Avoid splash pages.  Splash pages are those introduction pages that serve no other purpose than to - well - introduce your site.  They frustrate visitors and search engines don't like them.

9.  Your navigation buttons must provide a clear indication of what the visitor will find when they click the button.  Don't confuse and irritate your visitor who clicks "Products" and finds himself on a page with stories about your dog.

10.  Provide the name of the page on the page so the visitor knows where they are all the time.  If more than one level deep, provide "breadcrumbs" so the user can navigate their way out.

11. Finally, make your contact information easy to find and complete, including name, address, phone, Email, and address.  Doing so exudes professionalism, confidence, and integrity.

Optimizing for search engines and real people are not incompatible concepts.  In fact, search engines are becoming more "human-like" in how they rank sites.  Make your site appealing to visitors and good things will happen. ]]></description>
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